William Shakespeare Othello Essay Example For Students

William Shakespeare Othello Essay In Othello, many events are more significant than others because of mental or psychological reasons. Shakespeare uses images to give contrasted thoughts to different parts of the play. Shakespeare also gives the excitement to internal events by giving the character or characters feelings, such as being angry, sad, happy, and scared. Another thing is how a character changes his feelings in a brief moment. In the play Othello, examples of these are, how Othello changes his trust from person to person, from Cassio to Iago; Another is how he causes his wife to be frightened of him. Also there is the mental changes of Iago and how he is out for revenge. Othello’s character is the leading person in the play. The way he feels gives foreshadowing of what might be happening next. When he trusted his lieutenant, Michael Cassio, he had many doubts about Iago. Soon on, he changes his trustees, he stopped trusting Michael Cassio and started trusting Iago. From this, he started having doubts about Cassio. Even though Othello trusts Iago, he still does not know that Iago is out to get revenge from him. We will write a custom essay on William Shakespeare Othello specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The reason he changed his mind was because Iago was putting ideas in his head telling him that his wife, Desdemona, is cheating on him. This, not only changes his mind about who to trust, but it also gives his character a great amount of energy. Something else that is mentally and psychologically interesting is how he has no trust in his wife Desdemona. Most couples trust each other knowing the other would never try to do anything to hurt them. It’s different in the story though, Desdemona is extremely trustful of her husband never hurting her in any way. But Othello is just the opposite, he thinks that she is cheating on him. This causes him to be furious. Even though Othello does not know the whole story, he still is angry and he does not put any effort into trusting his own wife when she tells him that she did not cheat on him. In addition to this, when Iago tells Othello that he overheard Cassio calling out Desdemona’s name while in his sleeping chambers, Othello took it as he was calling her as a loved one. He could have been calling her name to try to get advice about the real woman he loved, Bianca. But Othello is the type of person who listens to his friends too much, and he did not honestly ask his wife and believed her. Even though everything is put out of proportion. Othello totally distrusts Desdemona and he even strikes her. Even with this, she is still deeply in love with him, but just afraid of him. Another thing in the play is the attitude of Iago towards everyone else. To Cassio, he is an honorable person with helpful advice. To Othello, he is also honorable, but in fact he is just trying to get revenge on him. He is also trying to get revenge so bad, he does not care who he has to go through to get it. Much of his mental attitude, is to be a â€Å"green-eyed villain. † This is jealousy and how he is jealous of Cassio getting a higher rank than him with even less experience. In the story, he is very honorable to many people, but only toward them. As soon as they turn their back, he is a different person thinking of ways to get revenge. In conclusion, William Shakespeare gives the play â€Å"Othello† excitement and suspense by mentally changing a characters attitude. .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 , .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .postImageUrl , .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 , .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:hover , .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:visited , .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:active { border:0!important; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:active , .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569 .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u53dd7c4c4e1fb2b52ee3dc1ec8cea569:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drama Coursework - Response to Disasters EssayAlso he includes significant events that bring more thought into the play. He gives his trust of honor to Michael Cassio at first, then he changes to Iago, just because of a rumor that his wife was cheating on him. Also there is the distrust of the loving couple. How he does not trust her and what she says. Even though she is telling the truth. Then there is Iago, the mastermind that causes all the problems. It is mostly because he is out for revenge, and how he does not care who he uses or walks over to get it.

The Homestead Steel Strike of 1892

The Homestead Steel Strike of 1892 The Homestead Strike, a work stoppage  at Carnegie Steels plant at Homestead, Pennsylvania, turned into one of the most violent episodes in the American labor struggles of the late 1800s. A planned occupation of the plant turned into a bloody battle when hundreds of men from the Pinkerton Detective Agency exchanged gunfire with workers and townspeople along the banks of the Monongahela River. In a surprising twist, strikers captured a number of Pinkertons when the strikebreakers were forced to surrender. The battle on July 6, 1892 ended with a truce, and the release of prisoners. But the state militia arrived a week later to settle things in favor of the company. And two weeks later an anarchist outraged by the behavior of Henry Clay Frick, the vehemently anti-labor manager of Carnegie Steel, tried to assassinate Frick in his office. Though shot twice, Frick survived. Other labor organizations had rallied to the defense of the union at Homestead, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. And for a time public opinion seemed to side with the workers. But the attempted assassination of Frick, and the involvement of a known anarchist, was used to discredit the labor movement. In the end, the management of Carnegie Steel won. Background of the Homestead Plant Labor Problems In 1883 Andrew Carnegie  bought the Homestead Works, a steel plant in Homestead, Pennsylvania, east of Pittsburgh on the Monongahela River. The plant, which had been focused on producing steel rails for railroads, was changed and modernized under Carnegies ownership to produce steel plate, which could be used for production of armored ships. Carnegie,  known for uncanny business foresight, had become one of the richest men in America, surpassing the wealth of earlier millionaires such as John Jacob Astor and Cornelius Vanderbilt. Under Carnegies direction, the Homestead plant kept expanding, and the town of Homestead, which had about 2,000 residents in 1880, when the plant first opened, grew to a population of about 12,000 in 1892. About 4,000 workers were employed at the steel plant. The union representing workers at the Homestead plant, the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, had signed a contract with Carnegies company in 1889. The contract was set to expire on July 1, 1892. Carnegie, and especially his business partner Henry Clay Frick, wanted to break the union. There has always been considerable  dispute about how much Carnegie knew of the ruthless tactics Frick planned to employ. At the time of the 1892 strike, Carnegie was at a luxurious estate he owned in Scotland. But it seems, based on letters the men exchanged, that Carnegie was fully aware of Fricks tactics. The Beginning of the Homestead Strike In 1891 Carnegie began to think about reducing wages at the Homestead plant, and when his company held meetings with the Amalgamated union in the spring of 1892 the company informed the union that it would be cutting wages at the plant. Carnegie also wrote a letter, before he left for Scotland in April 1892, which indicated that he intended to make Homestead a non-union plant. In late May, Henry Clay Frick instructed the company negotiators to inform the union that wages were being reduced. The union would not accept the proposal, which the company said was non-negotiable. In late June 1892, Frick had public notices posted in  the town of Homestead informing union members that since the union had rejected the companys offer, the company would have nothing to do with the union. And to further provoke the union, Frick began construction of what was being called Fort Frick. Tall fences were constructed around the plant, topped with barbed wire. The intent of the barricades and barbed wire was obvious: Frick intended to lock out the union and bring in scabs, non-union workers. The Pinkertons Attempted to Invade Homestead On the night of July 5, 1892, approximately 300 Pinkerton agents arrived in western Pennsylvania by train and boarded two barges which had been stocked with hundreds of pistols and rifles as well as uniforms. The barges were towed on  the Monongahela River to Homestead, where Frick assumed the Pinkertons  could land undetected in the middle of the night. Lookouts saw the barges coming and alerted the workers in Homestead, who raced to the riverbank. When the Pinkertons tried to land at dawn, hundreds of townspeople, some of them armed with weapons dating back to the Civil War, were waiting. It was never determined who fired the first shot, but a gun battle broke out. Men were killed and wounded on both sides, and the Pinkertons were pinned down on the barges, with no escape possible. Throughout the day of July 6, 1892, townspeople of Homestead tried to attack the barges, even pumping oil into the river in an attempt to set fires atop the water. Finally, late in the afternoon, some of the union leaders convinced the townspeople to let the Pinkertons surrender. As the Pinkertons left the barges to walk to a local opera house, where they would be held until the local sheriff could come and arrest them, townspeople threw bricks at them. Some Pinkertons were beaten. The sheriff arrived that night and removed the Pinkertons, though none of them were arrested or indicted for murder, as the townspeople had demanded. Newspapers had been covering the crisis for weeks, but the news of the violence created a sensation when it moved quickly across the telegraph wires. Newspaper editions were rushed out with startling accounts of the confrontation. The New York Evening World published a special extra edition with the headline: AT WAR: Pinkertons and Workers Fight at Homestead. Six steelworkers had been killed in the fighting, and would be buried in the following days. As the people in Homestead held funerals, Henry Clay Frick, in a newspaper interview, announced that he would have no dealings with the union. Henry Clay Frick Was Shot A month later, Henry Clay Frick was in his office in Pittsburgh and a young man came to see him, claiming to represent an agency that could supply replacement workers. The visitor to Frick was actually a Russian anarchist, Alexander Berkman, who had been living in New York City and who had no connection to the union. Berkman forced his way into Fricks office and shot him twice, nearly killing him. Frick survived the assassination attempt, but the incident was used to discredit the union and the American labor movement in general. The incident became a milestone in U.S. labor history, along with the Haymarket Riot and the 1894 Pullman Strike. Carnegie Succeeded in Keeping the Union Out of His Plants The Pennsylvania militia (similar to todays National Guard) took over the Homestead Plant and non-union strikebreakers were brought in to work. Eventually, with the union broken, many of the original workers returned to the plant. Leaders of the union were prosecuted, but juries in western Pennsylvania failed to convict them. While the violence had been happening in western Pennsylvania, Andrew Carnegie had been off in Scotland, avoiding the press at his estate. Carnegie would later claim that he had little to do with the violence at Homestead, but his claims were met with skepticism, and his reputation as a fair employer and philanthropist was greatly tarnished. And Carnegie did succeed in keeping unions out of his plants.

Answer those question and in the end write a discussion paragraph Assignment

Answer those question and in the end write a discussion paragraph - Assignment Example I am emotionally quiet a stable person, yet I need to work more on this side of my makeup. I have the innate strength and stamina to engage persistently till I achieve the desired objective. However, one thing that I realized I am weak at is that I am not able to cope up well with situations involving high uncertainty. Also, I was not aware that though I socially happened to be an unbiased and unprejudiced person, still, I am mostly uncertain as to what others need to expect of or desire from me. I am also not apt at stress management and dealing with stressful situations. I am also not sure as to my capacity to adapt to change, which I need to really sort out urgently. These weaknesses and uncertainties do take a toll of my self confidence. Yet, the saving grace is that I am an inherently objective and introspective person, who can diligently work on my personality to dilute my weaknesses and uncertainties and to tamper my essential

Tidal Power (School of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Essay

Tidal Power (School of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering) - Essay Example There are approximately 20 sites over the world where tidal power can be generated. This energy is free, but it can be managed with any other power generation plant as it is available only for 10-12 hours per days when tides flows. Keywords: Tide, tidal, turbines, sluices, lock, embankments, tidal fences, tidal lagoons, tidal streams, Bulb turbine, Rim Turbine, Tubular turbine, Offshore Turbines, Vertical-Axis turbines and tidal barrages. One can easily say or predict that one thing happens every day twice, which is coming and going of tide in ocean (sea). This can happen because of gravitational force of the Moon and Sun at the same time rotation of Earth [3]. Because of tide huge of amount of water moves and harnessing it by some means can provide a great deal of energy. This energy supply is reliable and plentiful (forever) and renewable. The tides will continue to ebb and flow, and the energy is there for the taking. It gives a distinct advantage over other renewable sources that are not reliable and predictable, such as wind and solar energy. But the main concern is related to converting it into useful form of power (electricity) and that is not easy. Only around 20 sites in the world have been identified as possible tidal power stations [2]. Turbines: It is located in water passages which are designed to convert the potential energy of the difference in water levels across the barrage into kinetic energy in the form of fast-moving water and than later converted into rotational energy by the blades of the turbines and then into electricity by generators driven by turbines[1]. Different types of turbines used are Bulb turbine, Rim Turbine, Tubular turbine, Offshore Turbines and Vertical-Axis turbines [3][4]. The power available from the turbine at any particular instant is given by: Opening fitted with controlled gates (Sluices): It is designed to pass large flows

Decreasing Fossil Fuels Essay Example for Free

Decreasing Fossil Fuels Essay Over the past century America has continuously used its own fossil fuel resources and paid handsomely for additional supplies, in the race to stay current with modern technology and life .The possession of this resource has made the United States a very prosperous and powerful nation. The same fossil fuels that’s has made America such a powerhouse are the same that are damaging the environment and economy they have enabled. It is imperative that we decrease our dependency on fossil fuels, or it is inevitable that our economy and environment will suffer tremendously. With these fuels being such a crucial and essential part of Americas livelihood and status, it brings us to the question .What are fossil fuels? According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Science: Fossil fuels are buried deposits of petroleum, coal, peat, natural gas, and other carbon-rich organic compounds derived from the dead bodies of plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Over long periods of time, pressure generated by overlaying sediments and from within the Earth has concentrated and modified these materials into valuable energy sources for it human purpose. Fossil fuels currently provide about 90 % of all technological energy used in the world. They provide the power to move vehicles, heat living spaces, provide light, cook our food, transmit and process information and carry out a wide variety of industrial processes (Thomson). There are countless marvels and miracles that we can list that came from the dawn of industrialization in the 21st century that the abundan ce of fossil fuels has provided. If the flow of fossil fuels to the United States were ever cut off, the economy would come to a halt. There would be no way to transport the products that factories produce. There would be no way for people to drive to work. The whole economy, and in fact the whole of western society, currently depends on fossil fuels (Graetz 198). Fossil fuels are the leading source of our economic advancement and can eventually be the downfall. With the great dependency that our economy has on these fuels it is important that we talk about the economic issues and threats that this unhealthy dependency causes. Each day the United States spends about $2 billion buying oil and loses another $4 billion indirectly to the macroeconomic cost of oil dependence, the microeconomic cost of oil price volatility ,and the cost of keeping military forces ready for intervention (Lovins). This dependency to foreign oil supplies is causing unstable security threats for the nation. We are competing with other importing counties that are expanding their economies which put us at a great risk for conflict in the Persian Gulf and terrorism. If the oil rich countries that we depend on wanted to raise their prices we would have no choice but to comply or it could but a halt to our economy .This kind of dependency is extremely unhealthy for our nation and our economy. This creates economic risk because we do not have control over the supply and we depend on it almost exclusively for our productivity. Doing business with politically unstable countries like Saudi Arabia and Iraq, can make us vulnerable to terrorism and threats from other nations. This continuing dependency on fossil fuels has the potential to put a halt to our economy .This unhealthy dependency can also cause security threats like terrorism from politically unstable nations. With these disastrous effects of fuel dependency it is clear that something must be done .It is imperative that we decrease our d ependency on fossil fuels, or it is inevitable that our economy will suffer tremendously. The economic threats are not the only factors that warrant for immediate reduction of the fuel usage environmental factors play an overwhelming hazardous proportion. It has been recognized worldwide that the utilization of an enormous amount of fossil fuels has created various adverse effects on the environment. Every day in America we take for granted the fresh drinking water, fresh air to breathe and the beauty of nature. We will lose these natural blessings with the continuing use of fossil fuels. These fuels are having jeopardous effects on our ecosystem. The extraction of these fuels on land degrades the land .It destroys the habitat .The process of drilling, extracting and processing fossil fuels is not entirely efficient and creates waste .This sometimes results in harmful by-products entering the ground. (Rabl and Spadaro).It can make it unsustainable .It destroys the habitat of animals that live on the sites. Land extraction is not worse of two evils. Extraction in marine or wetland environments has had severe impacts (Cleveland, Hall and Kaufmann 357).Oil spilled on water spreads out and is carried out by water currents. This contaminated water can be ingested by animals or worse maybe even humans. It has the propensity to clog appendages, body coverings and membranes of marine animals. Transporting fossil fuels can cause damage as well. Pipelines carrying oil, for example, can rupture and spread pollutants over a large area of land. In areas of chemical spills, vegetation can be killed and unable to be grown for many years. Toxins contaminating the ground may directly affect crops and the habitats of animals (358). Another effect of the fuel usage is air pollution. According to Ayhan Demirbas air pollution can cause health problems and it can also damage the environment and property. One of the main air pollutants that helps exceed the air quality standard or AQS is Carbon monoxide or (CO).Co is produced by the incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels including petrol and diesel which are produced by fossil fuels. Nitrogen oxide or (NOx) can cause smoke and acid rain. Nitrogen oxide can also make children susceptible to respiratory diseases. The acid rain occurs when the sulfur dioxide and nitrogen from the burning fuels combine with water vapor in the atmosphere and fall as rain, snow or fog (Lovins). The acid rain causes extensive damage to water, forests, soil resources, human health and it can also corrode buildings .The international scope of the problem has led to the signing of international agreement s on the limitation of nitrogen dioxide emissions (Kunstler). The burning of coal from human activities have led to increased atmospheric concentrations of a number of greenhouse gases ,including carbon dioxide ,methane, nitrous oxide ,CFC’s ,and ozone in the lower part of the atmosphere( Demirbas ). These gases have opened the door for all kinds of health problems like respiratory diseases, damage to kidneys, cardiovascular and nervous system. â€Å"Most scientists consider it likely that if the atmospheric concentrations of C02 and other so-called greenhouse gases continue to rise, the earth’s climate will become warmer† (Cline) .These gases add to the naturally already occurring atmospheric gases increasing the overall temperature of earth. An increasing temperature on the planet can have disastrous effects in the long term. Widespread changes to earth’s climate would be expected to cause extreme weather and storms, massive ecological changes, and the extinction of many species. Reducing the amount of fossil fuels would considerably reduce the amount of carbon dioxide produced, as well as the level of pollutants which causes acid rain. The extensive use of fossil fuels has caused such catastrophic damages to our environment. With all of these overwhelming hazardous effects they create it is imperative that we decrease out dependency on fossil fuels, or it is inevitable that our environment will suffer tremendously. The current dominance of fossil fuels as an energy source reflects their convenience of use and relative ease of production in comparison with other energy sources (Lincoln). No other energy sources, match fuels for power, versatility, transportability or ease of storage. James Howard Kunstler describes our continual use of these fuels best in his book The Long Emergency when he said: Oil is an amazing substance. It stores a tremendous amount of energy per weight and volume .It is easy to transport .It stores easily at regular air temperature in unpressurized metal tanks, and it can sit there indefinitely without degrading †¦. . It is flammable but has proven to be safe to handle with a modest amount of care by people with double digit IQs .It can be refined by straightforward distillation into many grades of fuel. There are many reasons why we continue to use fossil fuel .It is more affordable and cheaper to use, they pack more energy, it is easy to transport, it is easy to use and has many uses and it is readily available. Even with all of these more efficient reasons to use these fuels it is still does not outweigh the harm that they cause to the environment or threats to the economy. The cause a wide range of problems like acid rain, global warming and security threats the list goes on .We must cut down on the tremendous volumes of use. Fossil fuels are natural substances made deep within the Earth from remains of animals and plants over time, heat and pressure turned these decomposing remains into fuels which release energy when burned. These fuels have taken hundreds and millions of years to make this are not a slow process. We are using such a large amount of this energy as if the supply is never ending .One day these supplies are going to be exhausted, and there will be a need for an alternative source if our economy and environment are going to survive. One possible solution to decrease the fossil fuel damage is to look into renewable resource like hydrogen energy is one possible choice. Hydrogen is harvested by a process called electrolysis, which separates the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms in water. Hydrogen energy could be an endless resource once a more economical way of producing the hydrogen gas is discovered. When using hydrogen fuel cell energy the only byproduct would be water. Hydrogen clearly provides the potential for huge energy and environmental improvements. Engineer Harry T. Roman states: If fuel cells could be used in our homes with hydrogen, Imagine the possibility of being able to generate both your Electricity and heating needs right in your basement, with Little or no pollution. And are there some bonuses, like no More electric power outages when storms come blowing Through, no fuel delivery interruptions, and no potential terrorist Threats to our utility systems? While other alternative energies provide short-term solutions, only hydrogen presents long-term benefits that will reduce pollution and U.S. dependence on foreign oil. With the possibility of cleaner air, fewer security threats because they would be produced in the U.S. and the supply would be endless and readily available it seems that this could be a potential alternative. It is imperative that we decrease our dependency on fossil fuels, or it is inevitable that our economy and environment will suffer tremendously. The uses of these fuels have caused security threats from dealing with politically unstable nations. It also puts our economy under the control of these foreign nations. If they would chose to increase their prices it could put a halt to our economy and way of life. Large use of these fuels has also had devastating effects on the environment. The burning of these fuels has created acid rain, global warming, contamination of water supplies and various human illnesses. If this new modern lifestyles of technology mobility, and industrial efficiency is to be sustained there will have to be changes in our energy consumption and source. One proposed alternative is hydrogen energy. This energy source is made from a process called electrolysis. It emits virtually no pollution and is renewable so the supply is unlimited. It will be produced locally so the terrorist threats would be diminished.

Pop Cultural Elements of Military Cadences Essay -- Military Cadences

Pop Cultural Elements of Military Cadences "HUT, TWO, THREE, FOUR...HUT, TWO, THREE, FOUR...† What do a bunch of grunts calling out raunchy marching cadences have to do with pop culture? There’s more to the cadence then just keeping soldiers in step, there is a deep sense of pride, patriotism, unity, motivation, and nostalgia, which can be found within these songs. The Military cadence is used to motivate, inspire, and foster company cohesiveness while keeping soldiers steps in time and hands down the rich oral traditions of the Army, Navy, Marines, and Air force. The cadence is a song sung when marching or running and the songs require a caller, who normally sets the pace and leads the formation. Like robots, the soldiers echoed their leader's sing-song" Jody Call" in beat to their pounding footsteps. The way a unit sounds while running or marching tends to reflect on that unit's morale and leadership. This paper will illustrate the similarities that cadences share with pop culture music through lyrical examples . As you will see, the lyrics of these cadences are expressions of individual feelings, goals, and fears, and are quite similar to the themes of other popular culture musical genres. The theories of subculture, appropriation and improvisation that have been proposed in lecture will be reviewed and illustrated within cadences. The military cadence as a subcultures oral tradition will be examined, through analyzing the theories of popular music which can be applied to the genres’ history, structure, and socio-political influences. History & Earlier Music The cadence in America can be traced as far back as the American Revolution with Yankee Doodle. Historically it finds its roots in ancient armies marching to battles across foreign lands. The most significant song in this genra was created in May, 1944, by Pvt. Willie Duckworth, an African American soldier. This chant that we know today as the "Duckworth Chant" or "Sound Off†, 1-2 sound off 3-4 is the most recognizable to the average person from its usages in movies and P.E. classes. The cadence has historical links to the field holler and work songs. Slaves sang about their oppressive environment while working tirelessly in the cotton fields. Similarly, the majority of cadences are reflective to the environment and training, which soldiers endure. These cadences share the themes of phys... ...re of music has many similarities with pop culture music such as Blues, Rock, and Hip-Hop through its historical influences, content, and tone. Cadences demonstrate social political views, sexist and homophonic slurs, elements of nostalgia, and subculture symbolism. The cultural theories of appropriation and improvising are essential to the creation of the military cadence, making this subculture’s music a dynamic and appreciated genre. What is critical to the livelihood of the cadence and other forms of pop cultural music is that it borrows form something that came before within a specific social and cultural context. The cadence is very unique compared to the popular music heard in class particularly because it is hidden within a subculture. The Military cadence’s place is not on mainstream radio waves or on MTV. The cadence is alive on the training grounds of military instillations and in the hearts and minds of soldiers as they run, march, and become future warr iors, carrying the legacy and oral traditions of the US Military in to the 21st century. All Cadence Examples Courtesy of US ARMY Marching and RUNING CADENCES http://cadence.armystudyguide.com/list/index.html

Islam/Christianity Views of Trade and Merchants Essay

Christianity and Islam both comprise very detailed and comprehensive outlooks relating to merchants and trade. In order for a religion to thrive, its views must sustain the growth of its cohorts’ economy. Therefore, the perception of trade and the numerous benefits obtained from it should at least be endured, if not encouraged. For the duration of the later half of this millennia, Islam and Christianity both had acknowledged trade as a essential means for survival. Islam’s’ perspectives of trade have changed slightly since its beginning. The three documents 2, 5 and 7 each share many common similarities. Each encouraged trade, but only when it is reasonable and moral. Islam instructs that the earnest merchant will be recognized among the martyrs upon his demise. However, in contrast, the corrupt merchant shall be chastised in the end (Doc 2). Ibn Khaldun recognized in the midst of the 14th century the essential need for merchants to preserve a stable economic system (Doc 5). This specific viewpoint acknowledges that of the Quran almost identically. The Islamic toleration of trade was undoubtedly restricted though. As late as the 17th century Islamic courts ruled that merchants should preserve customary practices/traditions and not give in to fresh more lucrative procedures (Doc 7). Islam is an extremely strict religion, but yet it still values the need for a successful economy. While trade was cautiously watched it has always been allowed to provide room for the expansion of Islam. Christianity however, experienced no radical transformations in its understandings on the subject, the policies were undoubtedly if not definitely lessened if not entirely stretched. As Christianity was at its very origin, during the time of 75 CE, the improbability of obeying Christianity as well as being a profitable merchant were highlighted in the Bible. It first becomes apparent through the bible’s text, when the bible reads: â€Å"though the rich man has no place in God’s kingdom.† As Christianity began to progress however, through it have been knowledge and exploration or simply greed, area for the merchant was made in the human insight of God’s plan. As Reginald, the monk of Durham illustrates, the rich man while once a  true Christian will have no more earthly desire for his once sought-after riches. His only desire will be to let go of earthly possessions and begin to seek God (Doc 3). The logic behind the bible’s preachings on trade provides an explanation to the direct sternness of the Christian Holy Book. This therefore lays the foundation for later intellectuals to entangle even more economic open-mindedness within the Christian teachings. By the late 1200s however, an almost Islamic outlook of trade was inherited by the Christians. In 1273, Thomas Aquinas highlights that all trade should be performed in a fair and just manner (doc 4). All throughout Christianity’s expansion, the world experienced many reformations and adaptations. Its outlook of trade wavered considerably from its founding to current day. Without this reformation however, Christianity would in all probability not be as broadly spread as it is today. Christianity and Islam today both share very comparable views/outlooks on trade. While Islam may have developed an effective policy from its early beginnings, Christianity arrived much later after countless years of adaptation and reformation. These guidelines/policies are just one out of the numerous contributing issues that made each of these two well-admired religions the most triumphant the world has ever seen.